“師范”大學(xué)/學(xué)院怎么譯
說(shuō)到我國(guó)高校校名英文
過(guò)去的一些研究已注意到了這一譯法的不妥。筆者也多次詢(xún)問(wèn)來(lái)自不同國(guó)家的英語(yǔ)外籍教師，他們無(wú)一例外地表示無(wú)法理解normal university是什么大學(xué)，根本無(wú)法讓人把這樣一個(gè)校名與一個(gè)“教師培養(yǎng)機(jī)構(gòu)”聯(lián)系起來(lái)。再?gòu)膰?guó)外情況來(lái)看，normal university/ college是一個(gè)并不存在的表達(dá)，在功能強(qiáng)大的搜索引擎Google上輸入normal university/ college進(jìn)行檢索的結(jié)果是，凡是采用這一說(shuō)法的學(xué)校全部是中國(guó)的，包括臺(tái)灣師范大學(xué)，而國(guó)外則似乎沒(méi)有一例。
那么，我國(guó)的“師范”類(lèi)高等院校的英文校名為何會(huì)是normal university/ college呢？在眾多英文辭典沒(méi)有做出解釋的情況下，Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary
著名的網(wǎng)絡(luò)百科全書(shū)Wikipedia 對(duì)于normal school 的來(lái)歷有著如下詳細(xì)的解釋?zhuān)篈 normal school was a school created to train high school graduates to be teachers. Its purpose was to establish teaching standards or norms, hence its name. Most such schools are now called teachers colleges, however in some places the term normal school is still used.
In 1685, Saint John Baptist de La Salle, founder of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools, founded what is generally considered the first normal school, the école Normale, — that is, a school whose purpose is to train teachers — in Reims.
In New Zealand, for example, normal schools are affiliated with Teachers colleges. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, normal schools in the United States and Canada trained primary school teachers, while in Europe, normal schools educated primary, secondary and tertiary-level teachers.
In the United States, the function of normal school has been taken up by undergraduate and graduate schools of education. Many famous universities, such as the University of California, Los Angeles were founded as normal schools. In Canada, such institutions are typically part of a university as the Faculty of Education offering a one- or two-year Bachelor of Education program. It requires at least three (usually four) years of prior undergraduate studies.
從上述解釋不難看出，無(wú)論是過(guò)去還是現(xiàn)在，在西方國(guó)家的normal school與我國(guó)的“師范大學(xué)/師范學(xué)院”基本上不是一回事。normal school或者是曾經(jīng)存在但是現(xiàn)在大多已升格為大學(xué)的學(xué)校，在美國(guó)和加拿大主要是培養(yǎng)中小學(xué)教師的，或者只是少數(shù)大學(xué)中的教育學(xué)院或釋放學(xué)院下屬的部門(mén)而已。
由此可見(jiàn)，關(guān)于我國(guó)“師范”類(lèi)院校英文校名的爭(zhēng)議完全可以結(jié)束了，我們既不能讓外國(guó)人覺(jué)得我們的高等院校有normal與abnormal之分，也不能絲毫不顧及國(guó)際慣例，更不能把自己降格以求，把堂堂正正的師范學(xué)院或師范大學(xué)貶低為師范學(xué)校。這里另外一個(gè)令人百思不得其解的問(wèn)題是，事實(shí)上，我國(guó)的“師范學(xué)院”較多習(xí)慣采用teachers college這一英文名稱(chēng)而從來(lái)不是normal college，為何從“師范學(xué)院”升格為“師范大學(xué)”之后卻不再是簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)單單的teachers university而是normal university。對(duì)照國(guó)外情況，英國(guó)有London Teacher Training College?
說(shuō)到我國(guó)高校校名英文
過(guò)去的一些研究已注意到了這一譯法的不妥。筆者也多次詢(xún)問(wèn)來(lái)自不同國(guó)家的英語(yǔ)外籍教師，他們無(wú)一例外地表示無(wú)法理解normal university是什么大學(xué)，根本無(wú)法讓人把這樣一個(gè)校名與一個(gè)“教師培養(yǎng)機(jī)構(gòu)”聯(lián)系起來(lái)。再?gòu)膰?guó)外情況來(lái)看，normal university/ college是一個(gè)并不存在的表達(dá)，在功能強(qiáng)大的搜索引擎Google上輸入normal university/ college進(jìn)行檢索的結(jié)果是，凡是采用這一說(shuō)法的學(xué)校全部是中國(guó)的，包括臺(tái)灣師范大學(xué)，而國(guó)外則似乎沒(méi)有一例。
那么，我國(guó)的“師范”類(lèi)高等院校的英文校名為何會(huì)是normal university/ college呢？在眾多英文辭典沒(méi)有做出解釋的情況下，Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary
著名的網(wǎng)絡(luò)百科全書(shū)Wikipedia 對(duì)于normal school 的來(lái)歷有著如下詳細(xì)的解釋?zhuān)篈 normal school was a school created to train high school graduates to be teachers. Its purpose was to establish teaching standards or norms, hence its name. Most such schools are now called teachers colleges, however in some places the term normal school is still used.
In 1685, Saint John Baptist de La Salle, founder of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools, founded what is generally considered the first normal school, the école Normale, — that is, a school whose purpose is to train teachers — in Reims.
In New Zealand, for example, normal schools are affiliated with Teachers colleges. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, normal schools in the United States and Canada trained primary school teachers, while in Europe, normal schools educated primary, secondary and tertiary-level teachers.
In the United States, the function of normal school has been taken up by undergraduate and graduate schools of education. Many famous universities, such as the University of California, Los Angeles were founded as normal schools. In Canada, such institutions are typically part of a university as the Faculty of Education offering a one- or two-year Bachelor of Education program. It requires at least three (usually four) years of prior undergraduate studies.
從上述解釋不難看出，無(wú)論是過(guò)去還是現(xiàn)在，在西方國(guó)家的normal school與我國(guó)的“師范大學(xué)/師范學(xué)院”基本上不是一回事。normal school或者是曾經(jīng)存在但是現(xiàn)在大多已升格為大學(xué)的學(xué)校，在美國(guó)和加拿大主要是培養(yǎng)中小學(xué)教師的，或者只是少數(shù)大學(xué)中的教育學(xué)院或釋放學(xué)院下屬的部門(mén)而已。
由此可見(jiàn)，關(guān)于我國(guó)“師范”類(lèi)院校英文校名的爭(zhēng)議完全可以結(jié)束了，我們既不能讓外國(guó)人覺(jué)得我們的高等院校有normal與abnormal之分，也不能絲毫不顧及國(guó)際慣例，更不能把自己降格以求，把堂堂正正的師范學(xué)院或師范大學(xué)貶低為師范學(xué)校。這里另外一個(gè)令人百思不得其解的問(wèn)題是，事實(shí)上，我國(guó)的“師范學(xué)院”較多習(xí)慣采用teachers college這一英文名稱(chēng)而從來(lái)不是normal college，為何從“師范學(xué)院”升格為“師范大學(xué)”之后卻不再是簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)單單的teachers university而是normal university。對(duì)照國(guó)外情況，英國(guó)有London Teacher Training College?
