1．succeed vi.成功；繼承；辦成

　　__________ n．成功；成功的人(或事)

　　__________ adj.成功的；有成效的

　　歸納拓展

　　Give your children permission to succeed.

　　允許孩子們成功。(2010·安徽，閱讀理解D) 活學(xué)活用

　　(1)I am confident you will __________________ lawyer.

　　我有信心你會(huì)成為一名成功的律師。

　　(2)The picture reminds me of those who _____________________(在不利的條件下成功)．

　　(3)On the basis of his great experience，he had________ developing an entirely new method of polar exploration.A．succeeded in

　　B．won for

　　C．had victory to

　　D．won in　2．praise v. & n．表揚(yáng)；贊揚(yáng)；表彰

　　歸納拓展

　　(1)But child experts are now learning that too much praise can lead to the opposite effect.

　　(2008·福建，閱讀理解B)

　　但兒童專家逐漸了解到過多的表揚(yáng)會(huì)起到相反的效果。

　　(2)The doctor praised her for her courage.

　　醫(yī)生表揚(yáng)了她的勇氣。活學(xué)活用

　　(1)She wrote a poem ______________ freedom.

　　她寫了一首詩歌頌自由。

　　(2)He gave a speech ①________________________ (高度贊揚(yáng)) school life，which made him ②__________________ (因……而受到高度贊揚(yáng)) it.So we all ③__________________ (為……表揚(yáng)他) his cleverness.

　　(3)The school has decided to hold a meeting________ his heroic deeds.(2010·郴州調(diào)研)

　　A．in favour of　B．in memory of

　　C．in praise of

　　D．in hope of3．urge n．強(qiáng)烈欲望，迫切要求；vt.催促，力勸；強(qiáng)烈要求

　　歸納拓展

　　I was embarrassed，but I fought the urge to run off the stage.(2010·山東，完形填空)

　　我感到尷尬，但我戰(zhàn)勝了跑離舞臺(tái)的沖動(dòng)。活學(xué)活用

　　(1)The vacation is approaching and I ______________ travel.

　　假期快到了，我很想去旅行。

　　(2)My friends urge that I __________________________________.

　　朋友們勸我申請(qǐng)那份工作。

　　(3)It was more than he could bear when his old friend ________ him to accept a cigarette.

　　A．invited

　　B．urged

　　C．persuaded

　　D．a(chǎn)greed

　　4.argue v．爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)吵，辯論；勸說

　　__________ n．爭(zhēng)論，辯論

　　歸納拓展

　　argue with sb.about/over sth.與某人爭(zhēng)論某事

　　argue for/against sth.為支持/反對(duì)某事而辯論

　　argue sb.into/out of doing sth.說服某人做/不做某事

　　beyond argument無可爭(zhēng)辯

　　(1)He argued that they needed more time to finish the project.

　　他認(rèn)為他們需要更多的時(shí)間來完成該項(xiàng)目。

　　(2)They argued for the right to strike.

　　他們據(jù)理力爭(zhēng)罷工權(quán)力。活學(xué)活用

　　(1)The workers，who ______________ (為……而爭(zhēng)論)their own rights，__________________ (同……爭(zhēng)論)the boss for a few days，but failed to ________ him ④________ (說服……做某事) giving them a rise in wages because the boss ________________ (反對(duì)) it and insisted that it was ___________ (無需爭(zhēng)論) that their pay had already been OK.

　　(2)Alice，what are you arguing________the teacher？You should think highly of the teacher’s opinions.

　　A．a(chǎn)bout

　　B．withC．with about

　　D．a(chǎn)bout with5．conclude v．總結(jié)，下結(jié)論；結(jié)束；最后說

　　____________ n．結(jié)束；結(jié)論

　　歸納拓展

　　Doctors concluded that the nerve damage was the cause and by age twelve，I was completely deaf.(2008·江蘇，完形填空)

　　醫(yī)生得出結(jié)論聽覺逐漸喪失的原因是神經(jīng)受到了破壞，到12歲時(shí)，我完全聽不到聲音了。活學(xué)活用

　　(1)The play ______________ a happy ending.

　　這出戲以大團(tuán)圓結(jié)束。

　　(2)They ____________________ Turkey.

　　他們同土耳其締結(jié)了一項(xiàng)條約。

　　(3)________，I’d like to say thanks to all of you present.

　　A．In conclusionB．With conclusionC．For conclusion

　　D．To conclusion

　　(4)Six people have________ that they will be attending the meeting while ten haven’t replied yet.

　　A．expected

　　B．suggestedC．concluded

　　D．confirmed6．seek vt.征求，尋求；探索，探尋

　　________ 過去式及過去分詞

　　歸納拓展

　　People today spend much time seeking the proper way to raise children.(2008·福建，完形填空)

　　現(xiàn)在，人們花很多時(shí)間尋求養(yǎng)育孩子的正確方法。活學(xué)活用

　　(1)We shouldn’t ____________ comfort，personal fame or gain.我們不應(yīng)該貪圖安逸，追名逐利。

　　(2)Most men seek after wealth；all men ____________________.大多數(shù)人都追求財(cái)富；但所有的人都希望獲得幸福。

　　(3)—What shall I do next，darling?

　　—You’d better________ advice from your lawyer on this matter.(2010·連云港模擬)

　　A．a(chǎn)ccept

　　B．seek C．hear

　　D．beg7．benefit n．利益；好處；v.有益于；有助于；受益

　　________ adj.有利的；有益的

　　歸納拓展

　　A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual.(2010·北京，閱讀理解D)

　　大學(xué)教育對(duì)于個(gè)人有巨大且直接的好處。活學(xué)活用

　　(1)It is an expensive investment but it will ____________ in the long run.這是一項(xiàng)花費(fèi)很大的投資，但從長遠(yuǎn)來看，它將對(duì)公司有好處。

　　(2)These small businesses ______________________ the fall in interest rates.

　　這些小企業(yè)因利率下降而獲益。

　　(3)The book was boring.It wasn’t________ to me.

　　A．benefit

　　B．benefited

　　C．of little benefit

　　D．of much benefit 8.alternative n．可供選擇的事物；選擇對(duì)象；adj.供選擇的；其他的

　　歸納拓展

　　You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly；those are the two alternatives.

　　你的工資可以按周以現(xiàn)金支取，或按月以支票支取。二者可選其一。活學(xué)活用

　　(1)Do you have __________________________ to the problem?

　　你有沒有別的辦法來解決這個(gè)問題？

　　(2)Since you have accepted the job，you have no ____ but to do it well，however difficult it is.

　　A．disappointment B．a(chǎn)greementC．a(chǎn)lternative

　　D．a(chǎn)llowance

　　(3)There are two ________ plans and it’s up to you to decide which to choose.

　　A．reasonable

　　B．effectiveC．a(chǎn)lternative

　　D．positive9．situation n．狀況，處境(也指一定時(shí)期內(nèi)總的情況，形勢(shì))

　　歸納拓展

　　(1)Can you think of a situation where the phrase can be used?

　　你能想出一個(gè)可能使用這個(gè)短語的情形嗎？

　　(2)I am now in a difficult situation.

　　我目前處境困難。活學(xué)活用

　　用state，condition，position填空

　　(1)They were silent for a long time，in a ________ of hesitation and doubt.

　　(2)I’ll come on ________ that my parents are invited，too.

　　(3)From her ________，it was impossible to see the whole area.

　　(4)The collapse of the World Trade Centre has put US economy in a difficult ________.

　　10．point out指出

　　歸納拓展

　　It’s rude to point your fingers at people.

　　用手指指人是不禮貌的。活學(xué)活用

　　(1)When you write an article，you should keep ______________.

　　當(dāng)你寫文章時(shí)，你應(yīng)該緊扣主題。

　　(2)Thank you for________out all the mistakes in my homework.

　　A．picking

　　B．pointingC．working

　　D．making11．in agreement意見一致；同意

　　________ vi.同意；贊成

　　歸納拓展

　　(1)I strongly disagree with the last speaker.

　　我極不同意最后一個(gè)發(fā)言者的觀點(diǎn)。

　　(2)These two reports of the accident disagree on a number of points.

　　這兩份有關(guān)事故的報(bào)告在許多點(diǎn)上都說法不一致。活學(xué)活用

　　(1)Are we ______________ about the price?

　　對(duì)這個(gè)價(jià)格我們是否意見一致？

　　(2)I couldn’t ____________.

　　我完全同意。

　　(3)The date for the next meeting was________.

　　A．a(chǎn)greed to

　　B．a(chǎn)greedC．a(chǎn)greed with

　　D．a(chǎn)greed on

　　(4)The trade talk ended with no agreement________ as neither side would accept the conditions of________.

　　A．to reach；others

　　B．reaching；eitherC．reaches；another

　　D．reached；the other

　　12.end up最后成為；結(jié)束，告終

　　歸納拓展

　　活學(xué)活用

　　(1)We had a banquet，which ______________ soup.

　　我們舉行了一個(gè)宴會(huì)，最后一道是湯。

　　(2)The misunderstanding ____________________.誤解終止了他們的友誼。

　　(3)After seeing so many houses，we________ buying the one on the lakeside.

　　A．ended up in

　　B．ended upC．ended up with

　　D．ended up as13．Other people argue that such thinking may spell disaster，unless we start to look around and understand how a clean environment benefits us all.

　　譯文：_______________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　句式提取：...unless...

　　The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day，unless accompanied by an adult.(2010·山東，28)

　　學(xué)校規(guī)定，除非由成年人陪伴，孩子不允許白天出校門。活學(xué)活用

　　(1)Owen wouldn’t eat anything ______________________________.

　　歐文不會(huì)吃任何東西，除非是他自己做的。

　　(2)Don’t promise anything ________________.

　　不要作任何的承諾，除非你有百分之百的把握。

　　(3)She would have died __________________ her.

　　如果醫(yī)生不救她的話，她就死了。

　　(4)Don’t ask me to explain________ you really don’t understand.(2010·南京月考)

　　A．unless

　　B．untilC．if

　　D．when14．If I had the chance，I would have a cloned baby tomorrow.

　　譯文：_______________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　句式提取：if引導(dǎo)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句

　　歸納拓展

　　該句型是if條件句中的虛擬語氣，對(duì)于if條件狀語從句中的虛擬主要注意條件句和主句時(shí)態(tài)相對(duì)應(yīng)的問題，具體如下：

　　if條件句 主句

　　與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反

　　If I did/were I would/could/might/

　　should do

　　與將來的事實(shí)相反

　　If I did/were to do/should do I would/could/might/

　　should do

　　與過去的事實(shí)相反

　　If I had done I would/could/might/should have done

　　活學(xué)活用

　　(1)____________________________，the meeting would be put off.

　　如果明天下雨，會(huì)議就會(huì)被推遲。

　　(2)If __________________________，you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.

　　如果你早聽我的建議，你就不會(huì)考試失敗了。

　　(3)If I ________ you，I __________________ his advice and go to work there.

　　如果我是你，我就聽從他的建議去那里工作。

　　(4)I’ll be around ________________________.

　　你如果需要我，我就在附近。

　　(5)I ________ through that bitter period without your generous help.(2011·陜西，22)

　　A．couldn’t have gone

　　B．didn’t go

　　C．wouldn’t go

　　D．hadn’t gone

　　(6)—If he ________，he ________that food.

　　—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.

　　A．was warned；would not take

　　B．had been warned；would not have taken

　　C．would be warned；had not taken

　　D．would have been warned；had not taken

　　1．success；successful

　　活學(xué)活用

　　(1)be a successful　(2)succeed in unfavorable conditions

　　(3)A　[句意為：在他偉大經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，他成功研發(fā)出了探索極地的全新的方法。succeed in doing sth.做某事成功。]

　　2．活學(xué)活用

　　(1)in praise of

　　(2)①to sing high praise for　②win high praise for

　　③praised him for

　　(3)C　[由句意可知，應(yīng)是“表揚(yáng)他的英勇事跡”，故選C；in praise of表揚(yáng)，贊揚(yáng)。]

　　3．活學(xué)活用

　　(1)have an urge to

　　(2)(should) apply for the job

　　(3)B　[urge sb.to do sth.力勸某人做某事。句意為：當(dāng)他的老朋友極力勸他抽支煙的時(shí)候，他忍不住了。]

　　4．a(chǎn)rgument

　　活學(xué)活用

　　(1)①argued for　②argued with　③argue　④into

　　⑤argued against　⑥beyond argument

　　(2)D　[由argue about sth.with sb.結(jié)構(gòu)可知。]

　　5．conclusion

　　活學(xué)活用

　　(1)concluded with　(2)concluded a treaty with

　　(3)A　[in conclusion總之。句意為：總之，我要感謝所有在場(chǎng)的人。]

　　(4)C　[句意為：六個(gè)人已經(jīng)斷定他們將參加會(huì)議，盡管……。故選concluded“下結(jié)論，決定”。]

　　6．sought

　　活學(xué)活用

　　(1)seek after　(2)seek for happiness

　　(3)B　[seek advice征求建議。]

　　7．beneficial

　　活學(xué)活用

　　(1)benefit the company

　　(2)have benefited greatly from

　　(3)D　[由上句可知，該句意思應(yīng)為“它對(duì)我沒有多大好處”，be not of much benefit to sb.對(duì)某人沒多大好處，符合句意。]

　　8．活學(xué)活用

　　(1)an alternative solution

　　(2)C　[have no alternative but to do sth.為固定句型，意為“別無選擇只能做某事”。]

　　(3)C　[由句中two可知應(yīng)是“兩種供選擇的計(jì)劃”，故選C項(xiàng)。]

　　9．活學(xué)活用

　　(1)state　(2)condition　(3)position　(4)situation

　　10．活學(xué)活用

　　(1)to the point　(2)B

　　11．a(chǎn)gree

　　活學(xué)活用

　　(1)in agreement　(2)agree more

　　(3)D　[雙方或雙方以上同意……，應(yīng)用agree on。]